Learn how leaf anatomy is adapted to optimize photosynthetic efficiency. These are the major way to gauge one’s ability to learn. Morphology and molecular characterization of microalgae isolated from Wakatobi Marine National Park was conducted. The quinic acid observed in the treated waters exceeded the content of 464.328 mg/L. Plant physiology and metabolism are fueled by sunlight. Recently, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as an alternative that allow a better modulation of algal metabolism. the performance of the cultures was compared on the basis of both the same biomass concentration and areal density. Photosynthesis takes in light and CO, and through a series of steps produces oxygen. Test some parameters that might have an effect on photosynthesis 3. Title II. We assume that the slow process consists in neutralization of the negative charge in the domain of QA in a manner that renders QA non-functional. Photosynthesis occurs more in blue and red light rays and less, or not at all, in green light rays. Rate Of Photosynthesis And Light Intensity Discussion Lab. Particular emphasis has been put on the light acclimation process of outdoor microalgae cultures and on the synergistic effect of light and other environmental stress such as low temperature, salinity, and high oxygen concentrations on algal photosynthesis and productivity. Intro/Background 1 . One of the most important aspects of the Biology Lab Report Example is the quizzes and tests. Sarthak Patel. Several obstacles and limitations currently prevent the industrial exploitation of microalgae for feed, food and biofuel production. biology lab report for lesson _____ title of lab: purpose of lab: the purpose of this lab was to…. Light plays a crucial role in photosynthetic microalgae, and its quality is a key point for biomass production and the variability of the organisms’ biochemical composition, with blue and red, the light bands being the most effectively absorbed by green algae. However, there are certain bacteria that perform anoxygenic photosynthesis, meaning they consume CO 2 but do not release O 2.. Currently, microalgae are in the focus again, mostly as possible sources of bioactive compounds and next-generation biofuels for the 21st century. Homework+ 1+Answer+Key Final Exam Practice Enzyme Lab Final Bio lab 4 Photosynthesis Bio enzymes pre-lab outline qwe Bio Photosynthesis Lab Report draft 1 Preview text Photosynthesis Lab Report (FINAL) Aaron Chen BIOL 101L-433 TA Daniela Munoz UNC Honor Pledge: I certify that no unauthorized assistance has been received or given in the completion of this work. Refer to Jan A. Pechenik’s A Short Guide to Writing About Biology for additional assistance as well. Refer to Jan A. Pechenik’s A Short Guide to Writing About Biology for additional assistance as well. 2. The lipid content in the various studied samples appeared after microalgae culture. The format required in all biology classes consists of a Title, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Literature Cited sections. Biology 105 Photosynthesis Experiments Using Leaf Discs Objectives: 1. In the experiment, we studied the … You can also find a sample biology lab report to see how this section has to be written. s-1) and programmable in a 24-h light/dark cycle. In this experiment, effects of different colors of light on the rate of photosynthesis will be investigated. Photosynthesis Lab Report Sample of Term Papers. Then, list supplies you used and procedures you followed. After completing a number … These are injected immediately into HC1, and can be determined with a Geiger or scintillation counter, or subjected to chromatography. Oxygen production is used to measure the rate of photosynthesis. Slice off a portion of the stem at an angle and lightly crush the cut end of the stem. These results were further validated in Chlorella mass cultures in 5, 20, and 200 m² raceway ponds. C. reinhardtii contained all the essential amino acids with good scores based on FAO/WHO values (0.9-1.9) as in Chlorella and Spirulina. LAB 7 Photosynthesis Los Angeles Mission College. Photosynthesis involves the use of energy, water, and carbon dioxide to produce energy and organic compounds. Elodea Cornell Institute for Biology Teachers. These section titles should be used to label each section of your report. 1. This process consists of a series of chemical reactions that require carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water (H 2 In order for the photosynthesis to take place energy in the form of _____ is required. IB Science Lab Report Template Lab reports make up 24% of your final Biology & Chemistry grade towards your IB Diploma. Costa Photosynthesis Lab Report Ms. Roach AP Biology 4th Period II. Testing Starch In A Variegated Leaf Lab Report GCSE. Lab Report: Photosynthesis Lab Learning Goals: write out completely 1. Photosynthesis … General Information: Safety: Goggles should be worn during the experiment. Contents. Unsaturated fatty acids predominated the total fatty acids profile of C. reinhardtii were~74 of which~48% are n-3 fatty acids. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) content in C. reinhardtii (42.4%) was significantly higher than that of Chlorella (23.4) and Spirulina (0.12%). Materials and Procedures IV. Chemical formulas of sucrose and maltose (Biology Department, 2000). 1. Particularly the minimal effective concentrations of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) to completely eliminate Poterioochromonas sp. 3. Similar behaviour was observed with the measurements of rETR, and the initial slope (αETR) of the photosynthesis curve, while the saturation irradiance parameter (Ik) increased about four-fold compared to the morning value. If anything is copyrighted let me know and I will take it down Pig Dissection Lab Report Pig Dissection Laboratory 10, AP Biology Abstract During the Pig Dissection Lab we were determining if dissections were more beneficial than stimulations. NIR supplementation in BR (40:60) and R treatments enhanced PX and fatty acid content, changing the profile of antioxidant compound production over time, but keeping the maximum concentration. Title of the Biology Lab Report. Some of the best results have been obtained when placing the cups of leaf disks … You may have a lab partner, but the work that you do and report on should be your own. For these reasons, routine measurements of photosynthesis are usually carried out with an oxygen electrode, which can easily detect changes of the order of 0.01 μmol in the oxygen content of a suspension. Photosynthesis Lab Report Introduction Photosynthesis is a well perceived performance in which plants and other defined organisms use the energy of photons to convert carbon dioxide and water into a simple monosaccharide sugar known as glucose Photosynthesis provides the fundamental energy source for essentially all living organisms As photosynthesis … Sunlight is changed into the chemical energy of sugars and other organic compounds. Glucose is a monosaccharide and is shown as part of each of these molecules. translating fundamental photosynthesis research into improved food crops. Gradually, the focus changed from bulk production to more sophisticated use of microalgae, including production of bioactive compounds. Design an experiment to test how light affects photosynthetic rates. View SBF lab report.pdf from BIOLOGY SBF1013 at Sultan Idris University of Education. NALED Insecticide Fact Sheet – No Spray Overview: photosynthesis is perhaps the most fundamental endothermic process on the planet, but it is often a difficult topic for students (see video of MIT graduates struggling to explain where wood comes from).Some of this confusion stems from the different and incorrect ways we try to define what the process does – to create energy, to capture the sun’s energy, to make glucose. See … Title Page • The title of the lab report, your name, names of group members, date due, course … Remember that anyone who reads the lab report should be able to duplicate your experiment, so be clear and … We strongly believe that the future of algal biotechnology highly depends on the ability to better understand its biological limitations and what needs to be overcome in order to significantly improve productivity. 2. Taste response curves of flies to different concentrations of the sugars glucose, maltose, and sucrose. This study investigates the nutritional capacity of C. reinhardtii as an additional value for this species beyond its known potential in biofuels and bio-products production. Elodea Photosynthesis Lab Report. Remember that lab reports are individual assignments. Additionally, NIR supplementation decreased the total carotenoid production. It takes place in the chloroplast of … Reinforce methods of experimental design and statistical analysis. The process of photosynthesis occurs in a series of enzyme-mediated steps that capture light energy to build energy-rich carbohydrates. Fly lab report p. 7 Fly lab report p. Fig. Students will be able to describe the function of the stomata in the process of photosynthesis. Add water to test tube and a pinch of baking soda. This is a template to help prepare you for completing these lab reports. I. Write reaction of Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration taking place in, Without light, plants are unable to go through photosynthesis so the will go. IB Biology HL Lab Report Separation of Photosynthetic pigments using Plant Chromatography Shantal Al Habib 17 May 2016 2. Students will be able to describe the function of the stomata in the process of photosynthesis. photosynthetic processes in microalgal cultures are evaluated. Place the sprig in a test tube, cut side up. It may very well be the most important … The development of microalgal biotechnology in the Czech Republic. In order for oxygen to be present photosynthesis must occur. The instrument function was validated by growing fresh-water microalgae Desmodesmus quadricauda and Chlorella vulgaris. Chemical formulas of sucrose and maltose (Biology Department, 2000). ... Photosynthesis lab report. To bring about this effect, you are needed to test your theory and write a brief statement of … Solutions may be handled without gloves and may be disposed of in sink drains. Photosynthesis Lab Elodea Plant by … The physico-chemical and bacteriological quality was evaluated in wastewater samples before and after treatment by microalgae enrichment. Students will be able to diagram the parts of the chloroplast and know how each part is involved in photosynthesis. They measure the knowledge, skill, and understanding, and increase one’s confidence in dealing with a topic in the future. Biology With Lab – Easy Peasy All In One High School. Count the bubbles to measure the rate of photosynthesis. Microalgae as a Sustainable Source of Cosmeceuticals, Étude des mécanismes de conversion photosynthétique de l'énergie lumineuse par Chlorella vulgaris en photobioréacteur solaire. materials i gathered for this lab included: an overview of the procedure i followed for this lab includes: 1. Fill a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask to the 100 ml line with tap water, then add 5 ml of phenol The Biology Department offers a popular Major program and operates or contributes to several other Major and Minor programs. Lab #7: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Lab . Photosynthesis report.pdf - Lab Report BIO181 PHOTOSYNTHESIS LAB Hypothesis If the purple light produces the most photosynthesis and consumes the most. Then, supplementation effects of near-infrared radiation (NIR) LEDs were assessed in the same in parameters. The purpose of a Biology lab report is to describe and analyze a laboratory experiment that explores a scientific concept so that other scientists might be able to replicate the experiment and investigate the principles of it. ️Example: It is a proven fact that enzymes are catalytic proteins whose function is to accelerate reactions by means of lowering activation energy (Campbell, 1996). Techniques for supplying nutrients and CO2, for mixing and for harvesting and processing the biomass in an energy-efficient manner are still under study and development. PDF | An understanding of photosynthesis is fundamental for microalgal biotechnology. Monochromatic blue (B) and red (R) LEDs and two dichromatic combinations of blue and red (BR (40:60) and BR (50:50)) were tested, and fluorescent lamp (FL) was used as a control. comprehensive understanding of the effect of stress on algal photosynthesis and growth. Through this experiment, the variation between the pigment levels in 4 different … Lab 7, Biology 3 Updated 11/05/2013 . Bottom-illuminated orbital shaker for microalgae cultivation, Controlling of flagellates and ciliates contaminations in Chlorella mass culture, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Is a Potential Food Supplement with the Capacity to Outperform Chlorella and Spirulina, Light-emitting diodes—a plus on microalgae biomass and high-value metabolite production, Phytoremediation of samples extracted from wastewater treatment plant and their socioeconomic impact, Morphology and molecular characterization of newly isolated microalgae strain Chlorella volutis LIPI13-WKT066 from Wakatobi Islands and its potential use, Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf in different solvents, Chloroplast Structure and Supramolecular Organization of Photosynthetic Membranes, Chlorophyll A Fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll fluorescence as a diagnostic tool: Basics and some aspects of practical relevance, Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography: Guidelines to Modern Methods, Complementary PS II quantum yields calculated from simple fluorescence parameters measured by PAM fluorometry and the Saturation Pulse method, Photobiology of microalgae mass cultures: Understanding the tools for the next green revolution, Three types of Photosystem II photoinactivation - I. All Lab Reports that you write for this class should follow this format, be labeled as such and include all applicable parts below! Results/Data Collection/Analysis V. Discussion/Conclusion VI. Efficient and targeted ways are required to control contaminations in Chlorella mass cultivation aiming for biofuel production especially. Since you may see this material again on an exam, it is best that you know it for yourself. This study reveals that the use of R and BR (40:60) LEDs are a useful tool to enhance the production of carotenoids in S. obliquus M2-1. The charge separation in the RC is still possible, but energy of excitation becomes thermally dissipated.The very slow photoinactivation process is linked to loss of charge separation ability of the PS II RC and will be analyzed in a forthcoming paper. While AP Biology AP Biology Formal Lab Report Guidelines Prepare a written report of your experiment which includes the section titles listed below. Light intensity, carbon dioxide levels, temperature, and wavelength of light can all be varied. We were also dissecting a fetal pig and learning about the digestive systems, cardio, kidneys, nervous and skeletal systems. The reactions of photosynthesis can be summarized as: 12𝐻2𝑂+6 𝑂2 → 6𝑂2+ 6𝐻12𝑂6+6𝐻2𝑂 At the same time photosynthesis is occurring, respiration is also taking place. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a green microalgae used as a model organism associated with biotechnological applications, yet its nutritional value has not been assessed. were 8 mg L⁻¹ and 10 mg L⁻¹, respectively, yet the photosynthesis and viability of Chlorella was not significantly affected. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement has been suggested as a powerful tool to rapidly monitor the effect of stress on algal photosynthesis and growth. Teacher Preparation and Background Information. Photosynthesis by these organisms is essential for life on Earth. This lab will evaluate the optimal wavelengths and degrees of intensity during photosynthesis when chloroplast is exposed to light. Photosynthesis lab report Weebly. The light that is absorbed the best is blue, so this shows the highest rate of photosynthesis, after which comes red light. Fig. Oxygen evolving photosystem II particles were exposed to 100 and 250 W m(-2) white light at 20°C under aerobic, anaerobic and strongly reducing (presence of dithionite) conditions. 3. An introduction should be the framework in the biology lab report format. Decision Looms In Michael Mann Tim Ball “hockey Stick. 01 AIDS MW5. Results show that B induced higher PX and higher content in fatty acids when compared with other LED conditions tested. Contents. This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 4 pages. Under anaerobic and reducing conditions the decline of F m represents the disappearance of the increment in F o generated by the fast process. Label 4 screw cap tubes 1, 2, 3 and 4 with a marker and line them up in order in a test tube rack. At the very beginning of your biology lab report, state the problem you are trying to solve and list your hypothesis of what the solution will be. Write reaction of Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration taking place in spinach: Without light, plants are unable to go through photosynthesis so the will go through cellular … Testing Starch In A Variegated Leaf Lab Report GCSE. Introduction. 2. before i completed the lab i thought that i would observe or learn that: things i observed in this lab included: • The sun’s energy is passed through a chain of events that breaks water (H … Photosynthesis Lab . 01 AIDS MW5. Director’s Report 6 People 8 Management & Governance 22 Research Programs & Projects 24 Publications 64 Linkages, Collaborations & Translation 68 Reaching Out: Communications & Education 85 Skilling the Next Generation 93 Financial Statements 99 Performance Measures 102 Acknowledgements 104. • Photosynthesis is the primary means by which plants get their energy. Study photosynthesis in a variety of conditions. Musings January June 2010 Archive B Bruner. Photosynthesis is critical for the existence of the vast majority of life on Earth. 2. Levels of oxygen produced was used to measure the rate of photosynthesis. We assume that trapping of QA in a negatively charged stable state, (QA (-))stab, is responsible for the effects observed.The slow process is characterized by a decline of maximal fluorescence (F m). [PDF] [EPUB] Elodea Photosynthesis Lab Report EBooks Experiment Elodea Anacharis Plant Cells. Determine which conditions are ideal for photosynthesis, and understand how limiting factors affect oxygen … In your biology lab report example format, the essence of the abstract is to summarize your work`s purpose, the general techniques, and its results and conclusion. The aim of this work was to study the effects of blue and red LEDs on antioxidant capacity, biomass productivity (Px) and carotenoid and fatty acid content over time in a microalga known to be a producer of antioxidant compounds, Scenedesmus obliquus M2-1. through cellular respiration which is why they are producing more CO2 than O2. The Centre’s goal is to improve the biological process of photosynthesis in the crop plants that humans depend on for food. Biology With Lab – Easy Peasy All In One High School. Remove several leaves from around the cut end of the stem. Title Page • The title of the lab report, your name, names of group members, date due, course code, the It merely gives a reader the first impression that you know what exactly the motive of your experiment is. The instrument build is documented in a set of open-source protocols, design files, and source code. Glucose is a monosaccharide and is shown as part of each of these molecules. Photosynthesis is a food making process for algae and plants. Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis… carbon dioxide glucose oxygen 5. Photosynthesis The Lab Discussion amp Conclusion AP Biology. Photosynthesis lab report The Effect of Differing Light. (2007, February 13). If necessary, 14CO2 fixation can be followed simultaneously in the same vessel by withdrawing samples with a micro-syringe at appropriate time intervals. (2) The slow process (t 1/2≅15-40 min) and (3) the very slow process (t 1/2>100 min), both of which occur under all three sets of conditions.The fast process results in a parallel decline of variable fluorescence (F v) and of Hill reaction rate, accompanied by an antiparallel increase of constant fluorescence (F o). Light Wavelength Effect On The Photosynthetic Rate Of Elodea. Scientific research report format is based on the scientific method and is organized to enable the reader to quickly comprehend the main points of the investigation. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. These are the major way to gauge one’s ability to learn. Towards a comprehensive understanding of dynamic photosynthesis. Students will be able to name the pigments involved in photosynthesis… Photosynthesis Research is an international journal dealing with both basic and applied aspects of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the transformation of light energy to chemical energy. The biomass of microalgae was extracted to determine the concentrations of phenolic compounds, sugars and especially lipids, which can be subsequently transformed into biodiesel. Lab Report Sample Pdf And Biology Lab Report Ideas. This is a template to help prepare you for completing these lab reports. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars. The cultivation protocols, microalgae growth curves, and doubling times are included in this report. Results: Five surfactants were tested for its ability to control bio-contaminations in Chlorella culture. Fig. Lab Report: Photosynthesis Lab Learning Goals: write out completely 1. One of the most important aspects of the Biology Lab Report Example is the quizzes and tests. Before coming to lab: 1) Use your textbook to review chloroplast structure and photosynthesis; 2) Read this handout - there may be a quiz. Photosynthesis in Microalgae. • To make glucose, sunlight is captured in pigments like chlorophyll, the substance that gives leaves their green color. OVERVIEW – PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Photosynthesis Lab Report Conclusion How To Start A Research Paper Title Page EssayPro. Biol 1108 Section 001 2/23/15 Lab Report 1: Photosynthesis Lab Effect of _____ on ___ and Introduction: Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are important biochemical life processes that involve a series of catalytic reactions. Photosynthesis Lab Report Conclusion How To Start A Research Paper Title Page EssayPro. How to Write Your Biology Lab Report`s Various Sections. Biology Module Yr 1 - 2010 Leaf Disks Lesson Photosynthesis in Leaf Disks . Morphological observation under the microscope and molecular identification suggested that the microalgae strain of LIPI13-WKT066 belong to the strain under species of Chlorella volutis. rate of photosynthesis lab report,rate of photosynthesis lab report.pdf,pdf search for rate of photosynthesis lab report Photosynthesis Lab Report - Writework - Writework - Get ... www.writework.com › Science Essays › Biology The photosynthesis process rate varies from different wavelengths and intensities of light. Koz 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Photosynthesis is a complex series of reactions catalysed by a number of different enzymes. 91 Exercise 1 – Observing Photosynthesis via CO 2 Consumption 1. These changes were accompanied by a higher induction of the diadinoxanthin-cycle pigments, evidenced by an increasing ratio of diatoxanthin to diadinoxanthin during the day (up to 104% at 1400 h), and a higher value of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) that rose to up to 1.2 in the high stress culture. This phenolic compound naturally produced during the process demonstrated a very effective antimicrobial power. for Biology Teachers. then the green light will produce no photosynthesis leaving CO2 the same. It is the way in which virtually all energy in the biosphere becomes available to living things. The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis … The results revealed that the protein content of C. reinhardtii (46.9%) was comparable with that of Chlorella (45.3) and Spirulina (50.4%) on a dry weight basis. C. reinhardtii, unlike the other two species, consisted of selenium (10 µg/g DW), and had a remarkably lower heavy metal load. Nearly that would stimulate graduate students and other ten years later, I was privileged to be a contributing researchers in the same way that I was affected by the author to Carr and Whitton's sequel volume The books mentioned above. Background: Flagellates and ciliates are two common bio-contaminants which frequently cause biomass losses in Chlorella mass culture. If the purple light produces the most photosynthesis and consumes the most C02. The vast majority of living photosynthesis in Elodea plants, and then students will carry out a series of 2-minute experiments under different conditions to test their hypotheses. Chlorophyll looks green … The photosynthesis process rate varies from different wavelengths and intensities of light. Photosynthesis Lab SB dSarah Barrientos AP Biology. They derive this energy from a sugar called glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6). PHOTOSYNTHESIS Estrella Mountain. As primary producers, photosynthetic organisms form the base of Earth’s food webs and are consumed directly or indirectly by all higher life-forms. The description of photosynthesis here refers to structures and actions in plants, but the fundamentals apply as well to algae and to some aspects of procaryote (cyanobacterial) photosynthesis. The results we found … materials i gathered for this lab included: an overview of the procedure i followed for this lab includes: 1. Biology Photosynthesis Experiment Lab Report. LAB REPORT The Effects of Light Intensity on the Rate of. It must be revealing about your thesis for the experiment and should inform your comprehension of the background interpretation and procedure of the outcome. Photosynthesis can be measured by either the disappearance of substrate or the accumulation of product. The primary aim of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize the microalgae strain isolated from Wakatobi Marine National Park labeled as LIPI13-WKT066 with the emphasis on the evaluation of amino acid content as a basis for its health application. In this culture, the Fv/Fm ratio was 0.5 in the morning and dropped to about 0.1 within 1 h of exposure to bright sunlight. All Lab Reports that you write for this class should follow this format, be labeled as such and include all applicable parts below! You shouldn`t worry about writing details of the analysis procedure … View SBF lab report.pdf from BIOLOGY SBF1013 at Sultan Idris University of Education. … When it comes to the title, it should be illustrative and brief. of plants and photosynthesis (including an explanation of why plants don’t absorb green light); and the physical laws pertaining to the properties of buoyancy. 3. Koz 1 INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE BIOLOGY LAB REPORT EFFECTS OF LIGHT INTENSITY ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS -- Candidate: Serra Koz Supervisor: -- May 2014 2. Elodea Lab Kenwood Academy. Always give credit where credit is due on your report. Photosynthesis is a process whereby light is converted into chemical energy. for Biology Teachers. 2. before i completed the lab i thought that i would observe or learn that: things i observed in this lab included: i learned in this lab that (my conclusion): title: lab report biology … and Hemiurosomoida sp. Explain the theoretical and experimental results obtained from changing: a) Light intensity b) Colour of light c) Temperature d) CO 2 concentration 3. More than twenty years ago, as a fledgling graduate some peculiar aspects of the genetics of these student who was just starting to learn about these organisms but to pay respects to the two volumes of organisms that would become my primary research Carr of Whitton that played important roles in my focus, the publication of Noel Carr and Brian own thinking about cyanobacteria (and no doubt in Whitton's The Biology of the Blue-Green Algae in the development of many others as well). Note About Light Sources: A strong light source is necessary for success in this procedure. Obtain 3 pieces of Elodea about 6 cm in length and 2 pieces of aluminum foil. Scenedesmus obliquus M2-1 under R attained a higher antioxidant capacity and under BR (40:60) a higher carotenoid production, particularly lutein and β-carotene, when compared with that of FL. NALED … Plot and interpret the data you obtain from your experiment. The rate of photosynthesis will be measured by counting the number of oxygen bubbles produced by the Elodea plants in each 2-minute trail. Photosynthesis is the process by which light energy is used to produce oxygen, glucose, and water from water and carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis by isolated organelles, protoplasts and cells, prepared as described in Chapter 17, cannot easily be followed by infra-red gas analysis. 14CO2 fixation can provide invaluable information about products, but it does not lend itself to continuous measurement. All five surfactants were able to eliminate the contaminants at a proper concentration. Writing a Lab Report (Biology) If you are writing in APA format, your abstract should appear on the second page. Finally, based on detailed knowledge, an estimate of a realistic, practically obtainable, maximum efficiency for photosynthetic solar energy conversion in microalgal cultures might reach 4–5%. 2. Despite these impediments and although microalgae are not superior to higher plants in terms of photosynthetic efficiency and productivity, microalgal cultures remain one of the most attractive sources of feed, food and next-generation biofuels since microalgae can be grown in saline or seawater on nonarable lands, can use fertilizers with an almost 100% efficiency, are able to attain much higher oil and protein yields than traditional crops and, being endowed with high growth rates, are easier to be improved via genetic and metabolic engineering. Photosynthesis Lab report BIO 110 Introductory Biology I. Photosynthesis lab report 1 pdf The Effect of Light.

Antonio Gibson Pff, Ni No Kuni Review Gamespot, What Happened To Pompey's Wife, Oxford Mini School Dictionary, City Exchange Rate Pakistan Today, Jersey Channel Islands Tidal Range,